The largest of the sacred cantatas, bwv21 was written during Bach's Weimar years in memory of a friend who had passed away. The duet between the oboe and the first violins is evocative of the title "I have much sorrow in my heart." Bach preferred the word "concerto" to "cantata" and this example tells us why: the oboe is a plaintive human voice "concerting" with the strings over a steady continuo of eighth-note half-beats. At 1:58, the melody loses its flow and the harmony substitutes a striking diminished seventh chord (2:19) for the expected resolution to the root of Cm. The walking bass line resumes at 2:35 and a jazzy oboe flourish of 32nd notes (2:58) spelling a C diminished arpeggio brings us home. The call-and-response, the walking bass, the clean melodic lines, and the meticulous construction bring to mind this exquisite Clifford Brown solo.
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